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The Central Role of HEPA Filters in Cleanrooms And Selection Guidelines

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In the sterile rooms of pharmaceutical factories, the precision production lines of semiconductor chips, and even in biological laboratories, high-efficiency filters are the soul of maintaining a clean environment. Especially when used with HEPA Box and HEPA Filter Unit, they are called the ‘heart and lung system’ of the cleanroom.


HEPA Box


Why is the HEPA filter clean room needs?


HEPA is a ‘High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filter’, which is great at filtering out particles ≥ 0.3μm in the air, with a filtration efficiency of 99.99% or more.

In demanding environments such as ISO Class 5 Cleanrooms, HEPA Filter Units are almost standard. As an example, the laminar airflow system you see in hospital operating theatres, the core of which is the HEPA filter in the continuous filtration of clean air, the surgical process of the particles generated instantly, which can ensure a sterile environment. HEPA Box is like an ‘air purification centre’, often integrated in the ventilation system of the clean room, silently dealing with pollutants in the circulating air.


FFU


The three core types of HEPA filters, how to choose?


1. Standard HEPA filter - for conventional cleanrooms


Characteristics: simple structure, moderate cost, suitable for Class 1000 (ISO 6) and the following levels of clean room, such as food and beverage filling plant, general laboratory.

Matching suggestion: It can be installed in the ventilation duct alone, or used with a simple HEPA Filter Unit, and the filter element can be changed regularly.


2. Ultra-low leakage rate (ULPA) HEPA filter - the first choice for precision scenarios


Features: Higher filtration efficiency (≥99.999%), can capture ultra-fine particles of 0.12μm, commonly used in semiconductor manufacturing, gene therapy laboratories, such as ISO 5 or above the clean room.

Matching suggestion: Match with customised HEPA Box, as this type of scenario requires high airflow uniformity, and needs to ensure that every strand of air is fully filtered through the box design.


3. Washable and reusable HEPA filter - the choice of environmental protection


Characteristics: Made of special material, reusable after regular cleaning, suitable for cleanrooms with limited budgets but needing long-term operation, such as cosmetic production workshops.

Cautions: The cleaning frequency and method must strictly follow the guidelines, otherwise it may damage the structure of the filter layer and affect the air quality of the cleanroom.


The selection of HEPA filter must look at the three indicators


1. Filtration efficiency level


Filtration efficiency ≥ 85% belongs to H11 level, ≥ 95% is H13 level. The higher the cleanroom level (such as ISO 5), the higher the HEPA level required, and H13 is the bottom line requirement for most high-grade cleanrooms.


2. Airflow Resistance and Energy Consumption


The initial resistance of a new filter is generally 200-300 Pa. After a period of use, the resistance will rise with the increase of dust accumulation. If the fan power of the HEPA Filter Unit is insufficient, it may cause the airflow to drop and affect the balance of pressure difference in the cleanroom.


3. Sealing and installation compatibility


The connection between the HEPA filter and the HEPA Box is the ‘weak link’ that is most prone to air leakage. It is recommended to choose filters with metal frames, with silicone rubber seals, and use a photometer to scan for leaks on site during installation.


If you are retrofitting an existing cleanroom, be sure to measure the dimensions of the original HEPA Filter Unit to avoid mismatches.


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